Determination of Root Canal Configuration and the Prevalence of “C‑Shaped” Canals in Mandibular Second Molar in Central and South Gujarat Population: An in Vitro Study

Abstract

Aims: The aim of the present study was to determine the canal configuration and the prevalence of “C‑shaped” canals in mandibular second molar in Central and South Gujarat population. Materials and Methods: A total of 122 mandibular second molar teeth were collected and stored in 10% formalin. Identification of these teeth as mandibular second molar was confirmed by two independent observers. An endodontic access cavity was then prepared in each tooth. Then, they were injected with India ink and demineralized, they were made clear and transparent with methyl salicylate. Then, anatomy of their canals was studied. Results: Out of 122 mandibular second molars, prevalence of “C‑shaped” canals was 10.65% (13 teeth). These configurations were seen mostly in single‑rooted mandibular second molars. Out of five categories of “C‑shape,” predominantly found category was (C1) – 46.15%. Conclusion: Hard tissue of mandibular second molar contains dental pulp which can take a variety of configurations and shapes. The great differences reported among studies with regards to anatomy of the mandibular second molars and prevalence of “C‑shaped” canals may be attributable to study methods and racial differences.