Bacteriological Profile of Blood Culture from Adult Sepsis Patients from a Rural Based Tertiary Care and Teaching Hospital, Piparia, Vadodara, India

Abstract

In the last decade a number of tests were developed and used for early detection of sepsis yet blood culture remains a gold standard in establishing diagnosis of sepsis according to 1992-2001 definition which gives an emphasis on the role of microbes in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Thus this study was aimed at isolating and identifying bacterial and/or fungal agents from blood culture of the patients diagnosed clinically as having sepsis. A total of 673 blood cultures were performed from 743 patients and in the remaining patients microbes other than bacteria/fungi were found as cause of sepsis and so blood cultures were not performed in them. A total of 50.96% (343/673) samples did not yield any bacterial/fungal growth whereas the rest 49.03% (330/673) showed growth with 339 isolates. The majority samples had single bacterial isolate i.e. 292 (88.48%) whereas 12 (3.64%) had polymicrobial i.e. >1 type of bacteria or bacteria plus fungus together from a single sample and 26 (7.90%) samples had only fungal isolates. Also, of the 339 isolates, 51.32% (174/339) were Gram negative bacilli, 38.64% (131/339) were Gram positive bacteria and 10.02% (34/339) Candida species. Klebsiella spp. - 19.46% (66/339) was the most frequent isolate from blood culture followed by Staphylococcus aureus- 15.04% (51/339), CoNS- 14.45% (49/339), E. coli 14.15% (48/339), Candida species 10.02% (34/339), Enterococcus species7.37% (25/339), Acinetobacter species 7.96% (27/339), Salmonella species 4.42% (15/339), Pseudomonas spp. 4.13% (14/339) and a small percentage of each of Streptococcus pyogenes (4/339), Citrobacter freundii (2/339), Proteus spp. (n=1), an unidentified GNB (1/339) and contaminant GPR (2/339).