Genetic Predominance in Periodontitis: A Review in Indian Population

Abstract

The role of Genetics in periodontics has always been a subject of interest for researchers. Is it associated with chronic periodontitis (CP) or aggressive periodontitis? If yes, which genetic codes in Indian population are seen in relation to periodontal diseases? The aim of the publication is to review the studies on the role of genetics in periodontitis in Indian sub-continent. The search duration was 1st January 1997 to 31st December 2016. A total of 24 studies were included out of which 6 studies showed an association between IL- 1B gene polymorphism and chronic and/or aggressive periodontitis. 2 studies reported significant co-relation with CP and IL-6 G allele and other 2 studies stated contradictory results for Tumour Necrosis Factor-α (TNFA) and CP. Further studies with larger sample size and high level of evidence are required on other gene polymorphisms (Interleukin-4, Interleukin-6, Interleukin-10 and Interleukin-17, Immunoglobulin G Fcγ Receptors, Cyclooxygenase gene, Toll like receptors, Human Leukocyte Antigen -8 and Human Leukocyte Antigen-9) in periodontitis.