Assessment of Serum Prostate Specific Antigen Level in Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a group of common metabolic disorders with abnormal plasma glucose levels and disturbance in various metabolic pathways. Prostate specific antigen (PSA), a glycoprotein secreted by prostatic cylindrical cells and under the strong influence of androgens. Aim of the study was to compare serum PSA between diabetic and non-diabetic subjects and also correlate with Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood sugar (FBS) and post prandial blood sugar (PPBS) in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out in 85 diabetic subjects and 165 healthy controls in tertiary care hospital Surat. All the subjects were males categorized in different age and BMI and different duration of diabetes mellitus groups. Blood was collected and serum was analyzed for various biochemical parameters, fasting blood sugar, post prandial blood sugar by ERBA XL-640 fully auto analyzer, prostate specific antigen by e411 fully auto electrochemiluminescence (ECLIA) analyzer and Glycated hemoglobin HbA1c by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) principle based BIO-RAD D10 analyzer by using whole blood. Student t test used to compare two groups and pearson correlation coefficient (r value) used for correlation and p value, p<0.05 as statistical significant and p<0.001 highly statistical significant used for statistical analysis. Results and Discussion: A significant decrease (p<0.001 for all) in fasting and post prandial blood glucose and HbA1c in the diabetic subjects compared to healthy controls was observed. Serum concentration of prostate specific antigen was significantly low (0.53 _ 0.23 ng/ml) (p<0.001) in the diabetic subjects compared to healthy controls (0.84 _ 0.60 ng/ml). The concentration of serum PSA was observed to be significantly low (p<0.001) in the diabetic subjects with 6-10 years duration compared to those with 1-5 years duration. Conclusion: Lower level of Prostate specific antigen was recorded in diabetic subjects compared to healthy controls, which was due to low level of insulin like growth factor 1(IGF-1) in long term diabetes which is attributed to decrease in insulin production. In diabetic patients there is a need of reduction of cut off value of prostate specific antigen after study done with more number of subjects.