A Rare Case Report on West Syndrome and Review Its Pharmacotherapy: A Rare Severe Epilepsy Observed in Infant

Abstract

A West syndrome (WS) also known as infantile spasm is a severe epilepsy syndrome. The rate of infantile spasm is approximately 2.5-6.0 cases per 10,000 live births. Its prevalence rate is 1.5-2.0 cases per 10,000 children aged 10 years or younger. This case provides insight into the west syndrome in a view to catch the viewer’s attention to this rare life-threatening disease. Clinical details includes in this case study are as follows. A one year old male patient visited to paediatric department at multispecialty hospital with having a weight of 5.9 kg and height of 63 cm admitted to the paediatric ward with the complaints of dry productive cough associated with noisy breathing (acute on onset), running nose, low-grade fever, and little regurgitation after feeding since last 3 days. As per patient’s past medical history and EEG report (showing hypsarrathymiafocal epileptiform over the left central and temporal region and developmental delay), it was revealed that the patient is a known case of a west syndrome and severe malnutrition since May 2018. Outcome of this study was optimization in pharmacotherapy and patient counselling points and necessary life style modifications may be helpful for the physician for better management of this rare condition and boosts up the research interest of the clinicians for evolving newer and effective treatment approaches. The most important aspect of this case report is the prevention of the consequences of this syndrome by providing an effective treatment that delays the progression of the disease and the precautions to be taken particularly maintaining health hygiene to prevent infections