Comparative Evaluation of Sealing Ability of Calcium Sulfate with Self‑etch Adhesive, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Plus, and Bone Cement as Furcal Perforation Repair Materials: An In vitro Dye Extraction Study

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the sealing ability of three different materials mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) Plus, bone cement, and calcium sulfate with self‑etch adhesive (SEA) for the repair of furcal perforation, using dye extraction method. Materials and Methods: Forty‑eight extracted human permanent first and second molars were included and randomly divided into four groups: Group 1, n = 12, negative control, perforation not repaired with any material, Group 2, n = 12, perforation repair material used, MTA Plus, Group 3, n = 12, perforation repair material used, calcium sulfate with SEA, Group 4, n = 12, perforation repair material used, bone cement. The teeth were then coated with two coats of clear nail varnish immersed in methylene blue dye for 24 h, kept in 65% concentrated nitric acid for 3 days. Dye leakage was measured with the dye extraction method using a spectrophotometer at 550 nm. Results: The negative control showed the highest mean values of dye absorbance (1.45). Bone cement (0.94) came second. Calcium sulfate with SEA (0.58) and MTA Plus (0.32) had no significant difference in their dye absorbance values. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, MTA Plus showed the least microleakage followed by calcium sulfate with SEA which has shown promising results and can be used as an alternative followed by bone cement which showed the highest microleakage.