Microbiological and Clinical Profile of Burkholderia Cepacia Infection in Patients Admitted at Rural Based Teaching Multispeciality Hospital

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Non fermenting Gram negative bacilli have emerged as significant pathogen causing life threatening infections in hospital settings. Among these Burkholderia cepacia complex is an important nosocomial pathogen .BCC causes spectrum of clinical infections that include bacteraemia, urinary tract infection, septic arthritis, peritonitis and respiratory tract infections.BCC shows intrinsic resistant to many β-lactam drugs, aminoglycosides, colistin, and polymyxin B. This is a retrospective laboratory-based study conducted at rural based multispeciality hospital in Vadodara. BCC was isolated among 27 patients. Its clinical spectrum and antibiotic sensitivity pattern was studied and analysed. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology for a period of 11 months from January to November 2020. The isolates were identified through biochemical tests. Confirmative diagnosis for B. cepacia isolates was done by automated Vitek2 Compact system Biomerieux. Antibiotic susceptibility test of B. cepacia isolates were determined by Kirby's Bauer disc diffusion method according to CLSI 2020. RESULTS: Burkholderia cepacia was isolated among 27 patients .Male to female ratio 2:1. Highest prevalence 33% was noted in age group 20-40.BCC was potent pathogen causing blood stream infection among ICU patients. BCC were most susceptible to Minocycline (93%) followed by Co-trimoxazole (67%) followed by Meropenem (60%), Ceftazidime (60%) . All strains (100%) were resistant Amikacin and Ciprofloxacin. CONCLUSION: BCC has emerged as potent nosocomial pathogen and plays important role in causing blood stream infections among ICU patients.BCC showed intrinsic resistance to various antibiotics which leads to therapeutic failure. Thus prompt diagnosis is essential step to reduce mortality and establish infection control practices.