Thyroid Disease and Diabetes

Abstract

This study was carried out to estimate thyroid hormones (T3, T4 and TSH) level in diabetic patients and to compare it with normal controls in an attempt to find out the importance of thyroid hormone estimation in diabetic cases. Fifty cases of diabetes mellitus who attended Diabetic Clinic, J.L.N.M.CH , Bhagalpur during the period from October 2016 to March 2017 were taken as the cases and 50 healthy individuals were selected as control group. Serum total Tri-iodothyronine (T3), Thyroxine (T4), Thyroid stimulating hormone and blood sugar were estimated in both the cases and controls. The study showed that diabetes was more prevalent in the age group of 51-65 years, and more in males (52%). The mean fasting blood sugar (182.12 ± 30.28mg%) and serum TSH level (8.54 ± 1.07mIU/L) were increased significantly (r=0.884, p>0.05) whereas serum T4 level (2.21± 0.55μg/dl) was decreased in diabetic cases when compared with controls.Mean T3 level of diabetic cases was higher than controls but it was insignificant. Diabetes mellitus cases with statistically significant higher TSH value have more prevalence of complications like hypertension, retinopathy, nephropathy etc. A statistically significant, negative correlation (r=-0.942, p<0.05) was seen between Serum T4 and blood sugar in the cases.Therefore routine screening of thyroid hormone level in addition to other biochemical tests in the early stage of diabetes will help better in the management of thease patients.