Clinicohematological Correlation in Patients with Chronic Renal Disease

Abstract

Aim and Objectives: The objective of the study was to study the hematological parameters along with there correlations with stages of chronic renal disease. Methods: Total of 40 chronic kidney disease(CKD) patients referred in Dhiraj hospital , Waghodia , Vadodara were studied which were not on the dialysis, or any treatment were selected, irrespective of their age, sex, history and causative factors. GFR was used for the determination of the stage of CKD. Complete hematological parameters were done. Results: CKD was seen in almost all the age groups with the mean age of 50.3 years and mostly in males (67.5%). Most number of patients were in stage V CKD (65%) with the commonest cause being diabetes mellitus (52.5%) then was the hypertension and others. The mean hemoglobin was 9.03gm/dl and mean RBC count was 3.4x1012/L. The reduction in the RBC count and in the hemoglobin shows inverse relationship with the stages of CKD. The absolute reticulocyte count reduces as there is progression of the stage. Mean WBC count and mean platelet count were 11.06x10 9 /L and 300x109/L. The peripheral smear finding shows that of normocytic normochromic anemia (47%). Blood group ‘O’ was commonly seen in CKD patients (47.5%) with the iron profile being normal in the majority. Conclusion: Chronic kidney disease is seen in almost all the age groups in males mostly. Diabetes is the most common cause in the CKD patients. Anemia of CKD is a normocytic normochromic anemia which is constant as the stage progresses. Fall in the hemoglobin is due to reduced RBC count due to reduced erythropoiesis.